ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic can have important psychosocial consequences in the population. Objective: To determine the levels anxiety and depression symptoms and self-care behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. Method: Online survey distributed over three weeks using a non-probability sampling. The PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire, the GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and a self-care behaviors visual analogue scale were used. Between-group (anxiety and depression) descriptive and comparison analyses were carried out. Results: Out of 1508 included participants, 20.8 % had symptoms of severe anxiety, while 27.5 % showed symptoms of severe depression. Being a woman, being single, having no children, having medical comorbidities and a history of mental health care were associated with the presence of higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms; 66 to 80 % of the population complied with self-care recommendations. A need for receiving mental health care was identified in our study population. Conclusion: A larger number of individuals with moderate to severe anxiety and depression symptoms were observed than in other pandemics. COVID-19 pandemic psychological effects are considered an emerging public mental health problem, and implementation of programs for their care is therefore recommended.
Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 puede tener consecuencias psicosociales importantes en la población. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y conductas de autocuidado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en población general. Método: Encuesta en línea distribuida durante tres semanas mediante muestreo no probabilístico. Se empleó el Cuestionario sobre la Salud del Paciente PHQ-9, la Escala del Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada GAD-7 y la Escala análoga visual de conductas de autocuidado. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de comparación entre los grupos con ansiedad y depresión. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1508 participantes, 20.8 % presentó síntomas de ansiedad grave y 27.5 %, síntomas de depresión grave. Ser mujer, soltero(a) no tener hijos, presentar comorbilidad médica y antecedentes de atención a la salud mental estuvieron relacionados con la presencia de mayores niveles de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión; 66 a 80 % de la población cumplía con las recomendaciones de autocuidado. Se identificó la necesidad de recibir atención de salud mental. Conclusión: Se observó mayor número de individuos con síntomas de ansiedad y depresión moderadas a graves que en otras pandemias. Los efectos psicológicos de la pandemia de COVID-19 se consideran un problema de salud mental pública emergente, por lo que se recomienda la implementación de programas para su atención.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Anxiety/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Self Care/statistics & numerical data , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/psychology , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Pandemics , COVID-19ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Metastatic, recurrent, or persistent disease in cervical cancer has a poor prognosis. Historically, this group of patients has had limited treatment options, even with the best cytotoxic treatments (platinum-based chemotherapy [CT] doublets). Therefore, investigating new medications that help improve the patient's quality of life and survival has been essential. Angiogenesis has been shown to play a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal G1 immunoglobulin targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor. The combination of CT and bevacizumab is associated with an increase in overall survival as well as in progression-free survival and response rates.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bevacizumab/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Background: Gallbladder epidermoid carcinoma is rare and more common in women over 55 years of age. Aim: To report the features of 15 patients with gallbladder epidermoid carcinoma. Material and Methods: Review of medical records of patients with gallbladder cancer in an oncology service. Results: Of 207 patients with gallbladder cancer, 15patients aged 53-72years, 93% women had an epidermoid component in their cancer. Forty percent were diabetic and 33% had cholelithiasis. All had locoregional extension of the tumor. A cholecystectomy was done in nine patients (using open surgery in six). In six patients, only a biopsy was done. Median survival was 4.2 months. Conclusions: Gallbladder epidermoid carcinoma is uncommon and has a bad prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Gallbladder Neoplasms/mortality , Prognosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Gallbladder Neoplasms/blood , Gallbladder Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Gastric squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare type of cancer. We report three patients with the tumor. A 65 years old male presenting with weight los and heartburn. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an ulcerated tumor whose biopsy disclosed a gastric epidermoid carcinoma. The patient was operated and chemotherapy was attempted, but he died five months later. A 39 years old male with an antral tumor corresponding to an epidermoid carcinoma. He was operated and received chemotherapy and radiotherapy and died one year later. A 79 years old female with a distal antral tumor corresponding to a undifferentiated epidermoid carcinoma. She received palliative therapy and died two months later.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/therapy , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Fatal OutcomeABSTRACT
Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of great impact in developed countries and is having an increasing impact in Latin America. Incidence and mortality rates are similar for this cancer. This is an important reason to offer to the patients the best treatments available. During the Latin American Symposium of Gastroenterology Oncology (SLAGO) held in Viña del Mar, Chile, in April 2015, a multidisciplinary group of specialists in the field met to discuss about this disease. The main conclusions of this meeting, where practitioners from most of Latin American countries participated, are listed in this consensus that seek to serve as a guide for better decision making for patients with pancreatic cancer in Latin America.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Disease Management , Consensus Development Conferences as Topic , Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives , Deoxycytidine/therapeutic use , Chemoradiotherapy , Latin America , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Gemcitabina es un agente activo en el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón (CPCNP). El tratamiento semanal con gemcitabina, como agente único, ha mostrado respuestas del 20 al 26 por ciento. Este estudio fase 2 fue realizado para determinar la eficacia y seguridad de gemcitabina 1000 mg/m2, administrado semanalmente. Por tres semanas, seguido de una de descanso (ciclos de 28 días): los pacientes requirieron tener evidencia histológica de CPCNP y enfermedad avanzada; estado de desempeño de Zubrod de 0 a 2 y enfermedad medible. No se permitió que hubieran recibido tratamiento previo. Veinte pacientes, diez hombres y diez mujeres con una edad promedio de 60 años fueron incluidos en el estudio. La mayor parte de los pacientes (doce pacientes, 60 por ciento) tuvieron EC IIIb y, diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma (trece pacientes, 65 por ciento). Cuatro pacientes (20 por ciento) tuvieron EC IIIa y otros cuatro (20 por ciento) tuvieron EC IV, siete pacientes (35 por ciento) tuvieron variedad histológica epidermoide. Los pacientes recibieron un total de 62 ciclos y un promedio de 3.1 ciclos de terapia con gemcitabina. De los dieciocho pacientes que se incluyeron para evaluar eficacia, en seis se obtuvo respuesta parcial con un porcentaje de respuesta del 33.3 por ciento. La supervivencia media fue de siete meses (dos a 15 meses) con un tiempo medio libre de enfermedad de 3.5 m (1-15 meses) y un año de supervivencia del 22.2 por ciento. Toxicidad hematológica grado 3 y 4 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) fue observada en menos del 2 por ciento de todos los ciclos. La toxicidad más común grado 3 y 4 no hematológica fue náusea y vómito observada en menos del 5 por ciento de los ciclos. Elevación transitoria de transaminasas se observó en menos del 4 por ciento de los ciclos. Un paciente presentó hepatitis fulminante y rash generalizado que, a consideración de los investigadores, se debió a una reacción de hipersensibilidad por toxicidad de la gemcitabina. En conclusión, gemcitabina como agente único en administración semanal de 1000 mg/m2 es segura y efectiva en el tratamiento del CPCNP avanzado.